Construction Of Ecological Security Pattern Research Articles

Integrating policy quantification analysis into ecological security pattern construction: A case study of Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area

The construction of an ecological security pattern (ESP) is an important undertaking in ensuring the stability of the ecosystem and the long-term growth of humanity. Existing research, However, existing research often overlooks the quantification of policy implications in ESP development. The objective of this paper was to bridge this gap by integrating policy quantification analysis (PQA) with nature, society and into ESP construction and providing targeted ecological management recommendations. The policy texts were quantified into reusable research data, which served as a foundation for the selection of indicators and the optimization of ecological security patterns, by using machine learning techniques. The methodology “Patch-matrix-corridor” was used to create a spatially correlated ecological security pattern. Through factor analysis and Random Forest (RF), the impact of each indicator on ecological security was thoroughly examined, offering substantial support for policy development and ESP construction planning. The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA) was selected as the study area, the study found that: (1) The proposed framework PQA based-ESP could provide a useful eco-management tools. (2) Policy adaptability had a substantial impact on environmental security in the GBA, but the ecosystem service index has the highest impact. (3) Applying the framework, we identified a total of 1,993 km2 of ecological sources, 23 key ecological corridors, 58 general ecological corridors, and 31 ecological nodes. An improved ESP, characterized as “one circle, two bays, three rivers, multiple areas, corridors, and nodes,” was constructed in the GBA. (4) Given the multi-scale analysis, tailored ecological management policy recommendations were proposed for each city in the GBA. The study's findings offer actionable solutions for the international community facing growing ecological challenges.

Dynamic Simulation and Tradeoffs and Synergies of Ecosystem Service Value in Metropolitan Suburbs Using the PLUS Model

INTRODUCTION: Due to rapid economic development and continuous human activities, land use changes in the suburbs of metropolitan areas are drastic, which in turn affects the balance of ecosystem functions. Analyzing and predicting the ecological service value characteristics and trade-offs in rapidly urbanizing regions is of great significance for promoting high-quality regional development.AIM: This study attempts to reveal the trade-off and synergistic characteristics between the internal values of ecosystem services in suburban metropolitan areas under the influence of rapid urbanization.METHODS: Based on the patch-generating land use simulation (PLUS) model, simulated the land use changes in Xinzheng City under multiple scenarios in 2030, combined with methods such as equivalent factor method and spatial autocorrelation analysis，estimating, and predicting the ecosystem service value and its trade-off synergy relationship in Xinzheng City from 1980 to 2030.RESULTS: The value of ecosystem services in Xinzheng City continues to decline, hydrological regulation and soil conservation are the most important ecosystem service functions, under the scenario of farmland protection, ESV shows a stable growth trend. The synergistic relationship between various functions of ESV is significant, the Shizu Mountain National Forest Park, Shuangji River and other high agglomeration areas, as well as the Airport Economic Zone and Nanlonghu Town and other low agglomeration areas, all show a synergistic relationship, with only a portion of the southern side of the main urban area of Xinzheng showing a balancing relationship.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings can scientifically identify the environmental advantages of ecological sustainable development in Xinzheng City, and transform them into development advantages, providing provide strong technical support for the spatial ecological restoration and ecological security pattern construction of metropolitan suburbs.

Evaluation of ecological carrying capacity and construction of ecological security pattern in West Liaohe River Basin of China

The West Liaohe River Basin (WRLB) is a typical agro-pastoral interlaced zone in Northeast China where excessive economic development activities brought great pressure on the ecosystem and caused a series of ecological problems, having a negative effect on regional ecological carrying capacity (ECC). The rational construction of ecological security pattern (ESP) is an effective way to improve regional ECC and alleviate the contradiction between ecological protection and economic development. In this study, taking the WLRB as an example, spatiotemporal changes of ECC in the WLRB from 2000 to 2020 were explored by using spatial principal component analysis (SPCA). Furthermore, ecological sources were determined by coupling ECC evaluation results with important ecological patches such as natural protected areas, and the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model combined with the circuit theory method were employed to identify ecological security zoning, ecological corridors and key ecological nodes. Then a comprehensive ESP of the basin was constructed. The results show as follows: 1) The ECC of the overall WLRB was at medium carrying level, yet was spatially differentiated, which decreased from the periphery to the center of the basin in general. ECC showed a fluctuating upward trend from 2000 to 2020. 2) The ecological source area of the WLRB was 21926.91 km², accounting for 17.33% of the total study area. The ecological sources were seriously fragmentated and mainly distributed in the mountain area. The area of ecological conservation zone, optimized buffer zone, ecological transition zone, ecological prevention and control zone were 55672.69 km², 32662.24 km², 23862.84 km² and 12021.04 km², accounting for 44.82%, 26.29%, 19.21% and 9.68%, respectively. We also extracted 95 ecological corridors (with a total length of 3130.97 km), 49 ecological pinch points (with a total area of 200.33 km²) and 30 ecological barrier points (with a total area of 318.30 km²), constituting a “points-lines-planes” comprehensive ecological security pattern. This research can provide scientific reference for the protection and restoration of ecological environment and regional sustainable development.

Application of MSPA-MCR models to construct ecological security pattern in the basin: A case study of Dawen River basin

Building an ecological security pattern (ESP) can safeguard and improve the structure, functions and services of regional ecosystems. Furthermore, it is also one of the significant spatial methods to mitigate the conflict between ecological conservation and economic growth. Most previous researches on the construction of ESP have directly utilized extensive regions of forestland, grassland, water area or nature reserves as ecological sources (ESs) without weighing the habitat quality (HQ) and ecological protection red line (EPRL). The ES of the Dawen River basin (DRB) was identified through morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) and landscape connectivity index. By employing the minimum cumulative resistance model (MCR), the potential ecological corridor (EC) was identified, and its importance was evaluated by gravity model. Simultaneously, the spatial properties of HQ and ecological resistance (ER) were analyzed. Finally, this paper proposed an optimization strategy for ESP in accordance with the EPRL. The results indicate that: (1) The DRB contained 15 important ESs, mainly concentrated in water and mountain forest areas. (2) 105 ECs were extracted by MCR and gravity model, including 35 level 1 corridors and 70 level 2 corridors, which were primarily concentrated in the eastern region of the basin. (3) Based on the spatial characteristics of HQ and ER, as well as the EPRL in the research, the ESP of “one axis, two belts and five zones” in the DRB was constructed and control strategies were proposed. This research offers some reference for ecological environment protection and restoration and regional sustainable development in the Yellow River basin.

Construction of ecological security pattern based on InVEST-Conefor-MCRM: A case study of Xinjiang, China

Constructing ecological security patterns (ESP) effectively maintains ecosystems' green, healthy, and sustainable development. The InVEST model and Conefor software were utilized in this study to pinpoint ecological sources (eco-sources) through a blend of landscape connectivity and the importance of ecosystem services (IES); the ecological resistance surface was constructed by synthesizing the gravity model and minimum cumulative resistance model (MCRM), extracted ecological corridors (eco-corridors) and nodes. Ultimately, the research in this study built the ESP for Xinjiang. The findings showed that: (1) 14 eco-sources were identified in Xinjiang, spanning an area of 2.13 × 105 km2; 32 eco-corridors were extracted, including 9 important and 23 general eco-corridors, comprising a total length of 1.26 × 104 km; identified 46 ecological nodes(eco-nodes); (2) the size of important and more important patches of ecosystem services in Xinjiang was 2.82 × 105 km2, which accounted for a relatively small size, and the value of ecosystem services was generally average. The overall level of landscape connectivity in the primary eco-sources was high, but the spatial distribution was uneven; (3) the ecological resistance values in Xinjiang vary significantly, with high-level resistance surfaces primarily located in the Junggar Basin and Tarim Basin and low-level resistance covering most of Xinjiang's natural ecological reserves and other areas. The study's findings can provide some references for constructing ESP at the provincial scale and in arid and semiarid regions and for planning spatial ecological restoration in Xinjiang.

Identification of Urban Ecological Security Pattern Based on Ecosystem Services Supply–Demand

The construction of ecological security pattern (ESP) is an effective way to ensure regional ecological security. Although the method of constructing the regional ESP based on ecosystem services (ESs) has been widely recognized and applied, the spatial characteristics of ESs supply–demand mismatch has not been well included into ESP construction. We constructed a regional ESP framework connecting demand sources and ecological sources from the perspective of ESs supply–demand mismatch. Taking the Wuhan urban agglomeration (WUA), findings indicated distinct spatial aggregations of ecological sources and demand sources due to the supply–demand mismatch of ESs. Ecological sources (12,406.29 km 2 or 21.42%) were primarily located in the south and north of WUA, while demand sources (1,191.26 km 2 or 2.07%) were concentrated mainly in the central. Two types of corridors jointly ensured regional ecological security. A total of 86 supply–supply corridors in the north ensured the supply ability of ESs by connecting ecological sources, while 35 supply–demand corridors in the south alleviated the supply–demand mismatch of ESs. The targeted implementation of ecological governance based on the corridor types provides a new approach to coordinate the mismatch of ESs supply–demand and enhance ecological security. However, 63.38 km 2 of pinch points, recognized as high-flow areas within the corridors, primarily comprised fragmented landscapes, and barriers covering 99.67 km 2 obstructed corridor flow, notably surrounding the demand sources. These regions should be prioritized for ecological conservation. Overall, this research framework provides a reliable scientific basis for configuring spatial landscape patterns and developing ecological strategies in urban agglomerations.

Linking endangered species protection to construct and optimize ecological security patterns in the National ecological Civilization construction Demonstration Zone: A case study of Yichang, China

Constructing an ecological security pattern (ESP) is an effective measure to ensure environmental safety and urban development. With the establishment of national ecological civilization construction demonstration zone in China, higher requirements are put forward for biodiversity conservation. Previous studies have focused on the identification and construction of ESPs, while few studies have optimized ESPs based on endangered species protection. This study took Yichang as the research object, and used geospatial data and endangered species data to construct and optimize ESPs. We identified ecological sources through ecological sensitivity assessment and extracted ecological corridors based on minimum cumulative resistance model. On this basis, this study innovatively introduced endangered species information, optimized an ESP and discussed ecological function zones in order to play a greater role in biodiversity conservation. The results showed that: (1) The ESP of Yichang includes 12 ecological sources with a total area of 2,186.34 km2, 30 ecological corridors with a total length of 1120.44 km and 15 ecological nodes. (2) The optimization of ESP connects important nature reserves and scenic tourist areas, bringing endangered species into the corridor network. The corridors importance evaluation delineated 8 Level I corridors focusing on biological protection and 22 Level II corridors focusing on landscape construction. (3) The ecological function zones of Yichang are divided into ecological conservation zone, ecological control zone and ecological restoration zone, and the spatial control principles of each zone are clearly defined. The results can provide a reference for biodiversity conservation in species-rich cities.

Trade-off between comprehensive and specific ecosystem characteristics conservation in ecological security pattern construction

Since the Anthropocene, global natural ecosystems have suffered more severe and accelerating harm than at any other period in history. The growing conflict between urban expansion and ecological conservation highlights the importance of finding a balance. Ecological security pattern (ESP) focuses on minimizing the cost-benefit ratio of ecological conservation while maintaining a minimum level of land use demand. It is an effective spatial tool for balancing urban sprawl and ecological conservation, sustaining regional ecological security and safeguarding human well-being, and thus fostering sustainable development. However, when identifying ESP, it is still unclear whether core areas of specific or comprehensive ecosystem characteristics should be highlighted. In this study we established three ESP construction scenarios to explore the trade-off between the conservations of comprehensive and specific ecosystem characteristics. Scenario 1 and Scenario 3 respectively tended to prioritize the conservation of comprehensive and specific ecosystem characteristics respectively, while Scenario 2 represented an intermediate approach. Furthermore, conservation effectiveness of the three scenarios were assessed to choose the best solution under the objectives of ecosystem health, landscape connectivity and integrated conservation . The results showed that Scenario 3 had the largest number of ecological sources and ecological corridors, being 5.82 times and 7.48 times of that in Scenario 1, respectively. The total area of ecological sources in each scenario was 1626 km2, accounting for 24% of the study area. Besides, Scenario 3 had the largest area of ecological corridors, with a total area of 705 km2. Natural reserves of Helan Mountain, Sha Lake, and Baijitan were identified as ecological sources in all the three scenarios, emphasizing their conservation importance. The ESP identified in Scenario 1 exhibited better representativeness of ecosystem health, while the ESP identified in Scenario 3 demonstrated the highest level of landscape connectivity and integrated conservation. Scenario 2 was not the optimal solution under all conservation objectives. The results suggested that the scenario for the conservation of specific ecosystem characteristic had better conservation benefits. This study highlights the conservation trade-off between comprehensive and specific ecosystem characteristics, which will help to identify opitimal ESP construction solution.

Integrating land-sea coordination into construction of an ecological security pattern for urban agglomeration: a case study in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.

The construction of ecological security pattern (ESP) is of great scientific significance for solving the problem of habitat fragmentation in urban environment. However, previous studies mainly focused on the ESP in land area, leaving the sea area to be ignored. This study took the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) and its offshore area as an example and integrated the land-sea coordination into the construction of ESP based on the minimum resistance model, gravity model, and graph theory centrality. The results showed that there are 171 and 56 ecological sources for land area and offshore area, accounting for 31.46% and 21.51% of total area, respectively. Twenty-four important ecological corridors with a total length of 2738.05 km were identified in GBA, and the width is proposed to be less than 100 m. Moreover, the α, β, and γ index of the ecological network in the study area is 0.19, 1.33, and 0.5, respectively, indicating that the ecological network structure is complex and the connectivity between ecological nodes is good. The ecological restoration area includes 286.6 km2 of ecological pinch points and 140.44 km2 of ecological barrier. The overall ESP of the study area is "one ring, two belts, and four zones." The main body of the area with a superior ecological environment is distributed in a ring-like pattern near the outer edge of the study area, and two belts (important ecological corridor and ecological corridor) are distributed in a network. According to the ecological characteristics, the study area was divided into four zones: ecological preservation areas, ecological restoration areas, limited construction areas, and optimized construction areas. The ESP established herein institute provides a reference for the revision of ecological space control and optimization measures in the GBA. It also provides effective and systematic means to solve ecological problems in the current territorial spatial planning and territorial ecological restoration of coastal urban agglomeration.

Construction of ecological security pattern in Ningbo based on remote sensing ecological index and graph theory knowledge.

Constructing ecological security pattern and identifying ecological important areas are the focus of current research on regional ecological security. With Ningbo City as a case study area, we identified ecological sources by remote sensing ecological index, the ecological corridors and pinch point by circuit theory model, and the minimum spanning tree and cuts by graph theory algorithm. The results showed that there were 203 ecological sources in Ningbo, and that the main type of land cover was forest, including a small amount of paddy fields and flooded vegetation. There were 368 ecological corridors with a total length of 573.42 km, being dense in the southwest and sparse in the northeast. There were 91 ecological pinch points, which mainly distributed between coastal areas and closely related ecological sources. According to current situation, we put forward the optimization strategy with 187 primary corridors, 181 secondary corridors, 50 ecological restoration priority areas and 59 long-term ecological restoration areas. The optimization strategy combined with graph theory and circuit theory model would provide a refe-rence for the constructing of ecological security pattern.

Ecological Risk Identification and Ecological Security Pattern Construction of Productive Wetland Landscape

Ecological Risk Identification and Ecological Security Pattern Construction of Productive Wetland Landscape

Construction of ecological security pattern in coastal urban areas: A case study in Qingdao, China

The accelerated urbanization process has led to the deterioration of the originally fragile coastal ecosystem, whose slight changes in ecological environment may destroy the original coastal urban ecosystem. The construction of the ecological security pattern can effectively balance the development of coastal urban areas and the protection of ecological environment. This study proposes a new framework for constructing ESP in coastal urban areas: surfaces (ecological sources) - lines (ecological networks) - points (pinch points, barrier points). The ecological sources were identified by morphospatial pattern analysis and landscape connectivity. Then, the ecological network and ESP were constructed by the circuit theory. Take Qingdao, a typical coastal urban area with a very fragile ecological environment, as the subject of the study. The results indicate that: (1) the landscape connectivity of ecological source sites identified in 2017 and 2021 has decreased significantly; (2) the total length of extracted ecological corridors has decreased dramatically; (3) the ESP of Qingdao was constructed from the perspective of surfaces - lines - points. The results of this paper can provide scientific planning guidance for the conservation and protection of ecological security in Qingdao. The research framework proposed in this paper provides some reference for the conservation of the ecological environment in coastal urban areas.

Construction and optimization of ecological security pattern based on the circuit theory: a case study of Hohhot City.

The construction of ecological security pattern aims to determine the bottom line of ecological land supply and effective spatial distribution and provides a scientific basis for ensuring regional ecological security. The basic paradigm of "source recognition-resistance surface creation-corridor identification-key areas determination" was used to construct the ecological security pattern of Hohhot City in 2009 and 2019. The circuit theory was employed to determine the demand for protection and restoration of crucial ecological area and to divide the core ecological protection and restoration area, the core restoration area, the core protection area, and the general ecological protection area; then, the optimization of Hohhot's ecological security pattern could be proposed. The results show that there was no interconnected and closed ecological network in 2009 and 2019 in the study area, and the area of significant ecological elements were decreasing: ecological source areas decreased from 266.97 to 261.21 km2, the number of ecological corridors decreased from 10 to 6, and the total area of ecological protection and restoration areas decreased from 342.15 to 199.91 km2. The results show that in the past 10years, the ecological space in Hohhot had problems such as quality degradation, fragmentation intensifying, and effective landscape connectivity declining. It is urgent to optimize the ecological sources layout, strengthen the restoration of barrier areas and the protection of pinch point areas, and improve habitat connectivity to ensure the improved regional ecological security. Our results can provide a scientific reference for coordinating ecological protection and economic development, as well as the policy formulation and implementation of relevant departments.

Identification and Optimization Strategy for the Ecological Security Pattern in Henan Province Based on Matching the Supply and Demand of Ecosystem Services

Ecological security pattern construction is a fundamental approach to ensuring regional ecological security and enhancing human welfare. Taking Henan Province, a typical region of China’s main agricultural production area, as the study area, we use multi-source spatial data to calculate the high-value areas of ecosystem services and identify ecological source sites. On the basis of calculating the degree of land use development and GDP per land and population density to determine high-demand areas of the ecosystem, the ecological resistance surface coefficient is modified with nighttime lighting data, and the ecological corridor between the source site and the high-demand area is extracted using the minimum cumulative resistance model, so as to construct and optimize the regional ecological security pattern. The following results are presented. (1) The total area of ecological source sites in Henan Province is 3.02 × 104 km2, accounting for 18.12% of the total study area, which is concentrated in the mountainous areas of East Henan and South Henan. (2) The high-demand area of ecosystem services has a total area of 4.1 × 104 km2, accounting for 24.73% of the total study area, mainly concentrated in the central and eastern regions of Henan, with poor spatial matching of ecosystem service supply and demand. (3) The total length of ecological corridors is 1062.3 km, and the overall pattern forms the main corridor axes. The identification of ecological corridors focuses on the ecological demand space and puts forward suggestions for the optimization of the regional ecological security pattern based on it.

Ecological Security Pattern Construction in Rural Settlements Based on Importance and Vulnerability of Ecosystem Services: A Case Study of the Southeast Region of Chongqing, China

With the development of urbanization, a large number of village settlements have disappeared. As important carriers of ethnic and cultural heritage, village settlements are important for the continuation of folk culture and farming spirit. Building a regional ecological security pattern helps to protect the integrity of village settlements and promote the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. In this work, the importance of ecosystem services was first obtained by using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs model (In-VEST) and the revised universal soil loss equation model (RUSLE) to evaluate the regional ecosystem services in the southeastern region of Chongqing (SRC). Then, the ecological importance evaluation results were combined with the sensory evaluation results to derive ecological conservation importance areas and identify ecological source points in their high-value areas. Finally, the ecological corridors were obtained by the minimum cumulative resistance model (MCR). The regional ecological security pattern was constructed, i.e., the triangular protection area strategy of “one screen, one belt, and three cores”. The results show the following: the total area of ecological source sites larger than 20 km2 in SRC is 436.02 km2, accounting for 2.28% of the area of SRC. The largest ecological patch is 69.93 km2, accounting for 16.04% of the total area of ecological source sites. Thirteen ecological source sites were identified as follows: four in Youyang County, three in Shizhu County, three in Wulong County, and one in Pengshui County. There are 78 ecological corridors with a total length of 4832.82 km, including 32 important ecological corridors with a length of about 1544.53 km and 46 potential ecological corridors with a length of about 3288.29 km. Based on the minimum cumulative model constructed by eight resistance factors, the spatial variation of the ecological resistance surface was analyzed, showing a trend of being high in the west and central part and low in the surrounding area. There are one high-value area of the resistance surface of Wulong County Nature Reserve and one high-value area of ecological sensitivity that overlap to the extreme, and which should be given sufficient protection attention. The core protected areas consist of three mountains including the Qiyao Mountain Range, the Wuling Mountain Range, and the Wulong County Nature Reserve. The ecological security pattern in SRC based on the mode of “source–ecological corridor–ecological node” can identify important ecological function areas, providing scientific guidance for sustainable development and ecological security protection in the ethnic village settlements in China.

Construction of ecological security pattern adapting to future land use change in Pearl River Delta, China

Land use and cover change (LUCC) can often threaten urban ecological space and cause enormous impacts on the ecosystem, and sustainable ecological security patterns (ESPs) should receive more attention in urban landscape planning to adapt to future environmental changes. Thus, this research explored a multi-scenario framework of ESP by coupling the Future Land Use Simulation (FLUS) and Minimum Cumulative Resistance (MCR) models for long-term sustainable ecological security in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), China. The results show that areas of ecological sources in 2030 under the natural development scenario (NDS), economic development scenario (EDS), food security scenario (FSS), and ecological priority scenario (EPS) will account for 11.58%, 3.71%, 10.55%, and 16.50% of the total area, respectively. 45 ecological corridors under NDS, EDS, FSS, and EPS will be 8573.07 km, 7970.54 km, 9197.15 km, and 7769.24 km, respectively. The future corridors, that will be annularly in the periphery of economic development zones, can better balance economic development and ecological protection. Under the EPS scenario, the constructed ESP will have the best network structure and can effectively protect ecological land and reduce damage. This work provides a valuable reference for ecosystem conservation and land resource management under the rapid urbanization process.

Construction of ecological security pattern based on ecosystem service evaluation and minimal cumulative resistance model: a case study of Hefei City, China

Construction of ecological security pattern based on ecosystem service evaluation and minimal cumulative resistance model: a case study of Hefei City, China

The Construction of Ecological Security Pattern under Rapid Urbanization in the Loess Plateau: A Case Study of Taiyuan City

Taiyuan City in the eastern Loess Plateau has experienced severe ecological problems caused by urban expansion. For cities undergoing rapid urbanization, building an ecological security pattern (ESP) is an effective means to improve urban resilience. Here, geographic information systems (GIS) were used to analyze, manipulate, and visualize urban ecological multi-source information and remote sensing (RS) for the history of land use/land-cover (LULC) changes and the structure of the urban ecological system. Four important ecosystem service functions were estimated: soil conservation, habitat quality, water yield, and carbon storage. The minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model was combined with the circuit theory method to determine the ecological corridors, pinch points, and barrier points. Our results showed that: (1) from 1980 to 2020, Taiyuan’s built-up area showed increased construction land and enhanced landscape fragmentation. The decline in cultivated land was mainly attributed to construction land. During the period from 2000 to 2010, a greater amount of land was changed in Taiyuan than in other periods; (2) The ecosystem service evaluation based on the LULC in 2020 revealed that the central urban area was lower than the other areas; (3) 38 ecological source sites were identified, accounting for 16% of the total study area. An area of 106 km2 was allocated to construct 79 ecological corridors. We identified 31 ecological pinch points and 6 ecological barrier points; (4) an ESP optimization governance model of “two rings, four zones, and nine corridors” was proposed. Our study provides theoretical guidance for sustainable development and ecological design in Taiyuan City and other regions.

Assessment of Multiple Ecosystem Services and Ecological Security Pattern in Shanxi Province, China.

The ecological security pattern construction could effectively regulate ecological processes and ensure ecological functions, then rationally allocate natural resources and green infrastructure, and, finally, realize ecological security. In view of serious soil erosion, accelerated land desertification, soil pollution and habitat degradation in Shanxi Province, the spatial distribution of six key ecosystem services, including water conservation (WC), soil conservation (SC), sand fixation (SF), carbon storage (CS), net primary productivity (NPP) and habitat quality (HQ), was analyzed by using multiple models. The comprehensive ability of multiple ecosystem services in different regions was quantified by calculating multiple ecosystem services landscape index (MESLI). Combined with ecosystem services hotspots, the ecological security pattern of Shanxi Province was constructed by using the minimum cumulative resistance model. The results showed that the spatial differences in ecosystem services in Shanxi Province were obvious, which was low in the seven major basins and Fen River valley, and high in the mountains (especially Taihang and Lvliang Mountains) for WC, SC, CS, NPP and HQ, while high SF was only distributed in the northern Shanxi. The MESLI showed that the ability to provide multiple ecosystem services simultaneously was low in Shanxi Province, with the medium and low grade MESLI regions accounting for 58.61%, and only 18.07% for the high grade MESLI regions. The important protected areas and ecological sources of the ecological security pattern were concentrated in the Lvliang and Taihang Mountains, which were consistent with the key areas of ecosystem services. The ecological corridors illustrated network distribution with ecological sources as the center, the low-, medium- and high-level buffers accounted for 26.34%, 17.03% and 16.35%, respectively. The results will provide important implications for economic transformation, high-quality development and ecological sustainable development in resource-based regions worldwide.

神木市生态安全格局构建与生态问题定量诊断

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 神木市生态安全格局构建与生态问题定量诊断 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202204120969 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家科技重大专项（2019QZKK0405）；国家重点研发计划项目（2019YFD1100901） Construction of ecological security pattern and quantitative diagnosis of ecological problems in Shenmu City Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: National Science and Technology Major Project 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展是重大的国家战略，县域生态安全格局构建与生态问题定量诊断是实施生态保护修复的最基本单元。以神木市为研究对象，首先，基于电路理论构建神木市生态安全格局，将识别出的生态夹点、生态障碍点和低质量生态空间作为生态修复关键区域；其次，通过构建生态问题指标体系，在生态修复关键区域内定量化诊断现存生态问题；最后，通过生态问题指数（EPI）测算结果划定生态修复分区。研究表明：（1）神木市生态源地面积为411.64km2，以草地为主，主要分布在中部、东部和南部地区，源间生态廊道共63条，总长度约610.71km，中部地区的生态廊道较东南部密度大。（2）基于生态安全格局识别的生态修复关键区域包括生态夹点415个，面积达30.55km2；生态障碍点341个，面积共计25.72km2；低质量生态空间面积为1043.73km2。（3）生态修复关键区域内土壤侵蚀主要以微度侵蚀为主；地质灾害多发于采矿区以及黄土丘陵沟壑区；水源涵养低值区主要分布在低质量生态空间；林地和草地的退化程度呈现东部较中部和西南部低的分布特征；耕地破碎化程度则呈现东部和东南部较高、中部和西南部较低的特征；荒漠化指数高值区主要分布在低质量生态空间的沙地；部分河流、湖泊和湿地以及植被随着时间变化向非生态用地转变。（4）根据EPI测算结果，生态修复关键区域可再划分为生态保育区、生态提升区、重点控制区和重点修复区，未来应结合各区的空间分布特征与土地利用现状，开展针对性的生态修复。研究结果为生态安全格局构建和生态问题定量化诊断提供理论依据，对于践行绿色发展理念，助推黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展具有重要意义。 Abstract:Ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin are major national strategies. Construction of county-level ecological security pattern and the quantitative diagnosis of ecological problems are the basic units for implementing ecological protection and restoration. Taking Shenmu City as the research object, this paper firstly constructed the ecological security pattern of Shenmu City based on circuit theory, and took the identified ecological pinch points, ecological barrier points and low-quality ecological spaces as key areas for ecological restoration. Secondly, the existing ecological problems in the key areas of ecological restoration were quantitatively diagnosed. Finally, the key areas of ecological restoration zones were delineated through the calculation results of the ecological problem index (EPI). The result showed that:(1) the ecological sources' area of Shenmu City was 411.64 km2, mainly being grassland distributed in the central, eastern and southern regions. There were 63 ecological corridors between the ecological sources, with a total length of about 610.71 km, which were denser in the central region than those in the southeast. (2) The key areas of ecological restoration identification based on the ecological security pattern included 415 ecological pinch points with an area of 30.55 km2, 341 ecological barrier points with an area of 25.72 km2, and the area of low-quality ecological space with an area of 1043.73 km2. (3) Soil erosion in the key areas of ecological restoration was mainly dominated by slight erosion. The geological disasters mostly occurred in mining areas and loess hilly and gully areas. Low-value areas of water conservation were mainly distributed in low-quality ecological spaces. The degradation degree of forests land and grassland was lower in the eastern than that in the middle and southwestern. The fragmentation degree of cultivated land was higher in the eastern and southeastern, but lower in the middle and southwestern. The areas with high desertification index were mainly distributed in the sandy land of low-quality ecological space. Some rivers, lakes, wetlands, and vegetation have been transformed to non-ecological land over time. (4) According to the EPI calculation results, the key areas of the ecological restoration could be further divided into ecological conservation areas, ecological improvement areas, key control areas and key restoration areas. In the future, the ecological restoration should be carried out according to the spatial distribution characteristics and land use status of each district. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the construction of ecological security patterns and quantitative diagnosis of ecological problems, and are of great significance for practicing the concept of green development and promoting ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献